Annotated+Bibliography

“Music speaks what cannot be expressed, soothes the mind and gives it rest, heals the heart and makes it whole, flows from heaven to the soul.” http://lodestardrc.org/home/programs-services/

//__**Annotated #1**__// // **Information:** // Scott, Elizabeth. “Art Therapy: Relieve Stress By Being Creative ". About.com. 10/5/10 < http://stress.about.com/od/funandgames/a/learningtodraw.htm >

This author has an M.S. (Master of Science) and B.A (Bachelor of Art) of Psychology and studies wellness and health education. She also performs therapy for families, and health psychology and writes about stress management.
 * Author’s credentials **

The authors work is written as an informational report so that she can inform the public of effective ways to relieve stress. She wishes to inform the public of these helpful stress relievers because too much stress can actually lead to a persons physical health decline.
 * Scope and purpose of the work **

//**Summary:**// Elizabeth Scott believes that by drawing and creating art it can help a person forget about stress. She also lists writing and gardening as effective ways to relieve stress in a persons life through creativity. Elizabeth Scott strongly believes in these ways to control stress in a persons life and even lists other sites to get further therapy for stress. She even mentions that there is creative expression that is called 'flow' and that "[i]t carries many of the benefits of meditation, leaving you much less stressed when you’re done."
 * The author’s thesis. **

Student clearly summarizes the information that the author provides to support his/her thesis. Student clearly summarizes the topics the author covers.
 * Main arguments**

Student provides a summary of the evidence (research, facts, information) the author provides in support of his/her arguments. Student clearly identifies the evidence the author provides that supports the student’s arguments.
 * Evidence **

//**Evaluation:**// I think that what she states would make sense for it to be true, because I find myself more relaxed when I am taking part in something creative that I love to do. As for whether it was well-researched or not, she doesn't state any clear statistical data or even facts from other places, but she does have her own knowledge from being an M.S. and B.A. so her years at school would probably be considered the research of her articles.
 * Evaluation of research **

Elizabeth Scott's article clearly only has the one topic of stress to be addressed and addresses it very well. She introduces the idea of 'Art Therapy', how it was used nearly every day when we were children, and the benefits of it as an adult. As well as showing the benefits, she also states within other ideas that can be used as 'Art Therapy' such as writing, gardening, and drawing.
 * Evaluation of scope**

Scott does not appear to have any bias on the situation because she is simply stating what people can do to get rid of stress that has built up in their life, and does not reference anyone else's ideas of stress relief not being as good as hers.
 * Evaluation of author bias**

//**Reflection:**// By reading this article I learned even more different ways of getting rid of stress other then singing and dancing. I'm glad I read about the different types of benefits from "Art Therapy"
 * Source relevance and helpfulness**

//__**Annotated #2**__// //**Information:**// McDaniel, Donna L. "Music Without Borders." World & I. May 1999: 162-169. SIRS Renaissance. Web. 11 Oct. 2010< http://sks.sirs.com/cgi-bin/hst-clean-copy?id=SPL2870-0-2767&type=ART&artno=0000 >

This author is considered a freelance writer, but the way she received her information was by actually participating in a similar group as the one mentioned in the article, and visited Russia, China, Estonia, Latvia, Ukraine, and South Africa in the group Sharing a New Song.
 * Author's Credentials**

McDaniel's article is an informational report to talk about a certain singing group that brings choruses from two different countries together to sing all around the world. It is to inform everyone the opportunities people ages 12 to 82 can experience by joining the musical group called Sharing a New Song (SANS). Their information comes from research as well as personal knowledge of what these types of groups do.
 * Scope and Purpose of the Work**

//** Summary: **// **Identify the Author's thesis** McDaniel's believes that the participation of this chorus group can give the participants a whole new way of looking at things by immersing themselves in different cultures and singing in different tongues to people they've never met before. By being a part of SANS, they now not only have joined together people other chorus groups from Russia, but they have also made life long relationships that may never have been developed in any other situation, causing a life change for them because they came together over one thing: music.

The author manages to get her point across by having personal quotes from people who had been a part of, or still were a part of SANS, describing how the other people had been, their experiences going to different places, and what their original expectations had been compared to what it actually was.
 * What are the main arguments**

McDaniel's evidence comes from research of the actual group SANS (having given a brief history from the 80's of how such gatherings and originally not been approved of by either country), and then information straight from the mouths of the people who had taken part in the group.
 * Evidence **

//**Evaluation:**// The author’s research is clearly described and not hard to follow. She clearly states when something is being quoted, and gives enough background information on the group for the public to have a better understanding of what it does.
 * Evaluation of research **

The author does address the topic adequately because she does not put in any unnecessary information, and stays directly on the topic of the chorus group. There are no misgivings of any of the information and can probably be checked as true based on fact checking.
 * Evaluation of scope**

The author does not give any bias towards the subject talked about because there doesn't appear to be any type of side to be biased towards.
 * Evaluation of author bias**

//**Reflection:**// Yes, this source is helpful for my research because it gives a specific event where people used music and it made a significant impact on their life. The information supplied helped me learn that if you sing it doesn't just make yourself feel good but can also help make other people feel good, even if it's in a language that either the singer or the listener doesn't understand.
 * Is this source helpful to your research?**

//__**Annotated #3**__// //**Information:**// Campbell, Karen. "Singing the Praises of Early Musical Training." Christian Science Monitor. Sept. 29, 1997: 10-11. SIRS Renaissance. Web. 11 Oct. 2010 < http://sks.sirs.com/cgi-bin/hst-clean-copy?id=SPL2870-0-2767&type=ART&artno=0000 >

The author's credentials aren't directly said, but it can be assumed that she did a good amount of research on the topic and managed to get quotes from several people who were participants.
 * Author's Credentials**

The author is writing this article as an informational where she lets the audience know about all the benefits of creative arts, especially by starting it you in children. The article mainly talks towards parents and how they should get their children started in creative arts early because it can help children with brain development.
 * Scope and Purpose of the Work**

//**Summary:**// The author talks about how she believes it is very important to start creative arts early for a young child because it helps them develop, and can also be a 'great way to unwind'.
 * Author's Thesis**

The author gives quotes from people who have participated in groups that support and teach early childhood musical training. The author also discusses how it can be a good way to unwind, the various ways to approach the subject, and the different types of musical training.
 * What are the main arguments**

The author shows that she has clearly researched the topic thoroughly so that has a better understanding as well as being able to make it more clear to her audience what her topic is about. She gives strong background information, as well as interviews participants and observers of the topic in action.
 * Evidence**

//**Evaluation:**// The author's information comes across very clearly, with little to no fuzzy parts where the reader can't understand what point she is trying to get across. She clearly has done research on the topic getting a better understanding of it by getting a background and history check of the subject.
 * Evaluation of research**

Yes, the topic has been addressed very well, the author doesn't wonder from the subject and gives full detail of everything that needs to be addressed within the topic. She also has clear writing so that as she talks about the subject, she doesn't confuse her audience.
 * Evaluation of scope**

The author does not appear to have any type of bias for this subject because there isn't any specific side to be biased towards. She talks about the creative arts from a third person perspective with all the information coming from people that actually take part in such events.
 * Evaluation of author bias**

//**Reflection**// Yes, this is extremely helpful to my research because it talks about how it can be helpful for children to start musical training at a young age, as well as being a way to relax and unwind after a big day.
 * Is this source helpful to your research**

//__**Annotated #4**__// //**Information:**// Jourdain, Robert. "Music, the Brain, and Ecstasy". //Quill//. 1998.

The author of this book, Robert Jourdain, has written six previous books. He also writes about science and technology, but in his spare time takes part in composing and playing on the piano. Since he is a part of the musical community as well as studies technology (which instruments can be considered), he has a very good understanding of the subject being covered.
 * Author's Credentials**

The author wrote this book so that he could explain how music affects people mentally, and brings them to a state of 'ecstasy' as he describes it. It is an informational report, and was meant for the public interested in music.
 * Scope and purpose of the work**

//**Summary:**// The author wants the public to understand all the ways that music can affect people, and how different types of music trigger different emotions.
 * Identify the author's thesis.**

Jourdain talks about how music can have a drastic affect on a single person. By listening to an upbeat tempo, a person then imagines someone running, whereas a slower tempo will bring on a romantic feeling. The same goes for if a sudden high pitched note is played, it brings in the terror of a scary scene.
 * What are the main arguments **

The author discusses all the different types of music and it’s emotional effects on people, and backs it up by giving specific examples of such songs. (i.e. “The Pink Panther” where it leads the listener to a mysterious, detective state)
 * Evidence **

//**Evaluation:**// The author makes his book very clear for the reader, and leaves very few questions unanswered. He also discusses many related topics, and leaves the reader with a better understanding of the subject. **Evaluation of scope**
 * Evaluation of research **

The topic has been very clearly addressed and doesn't really leave many questions for the reader unanswered. The author discusses all types of music and leaves few related topics uncovered.

**Evaluation of author bias**

There doesn't appear to be any type of author bias because it is simply talking about the types of music and how it affects a persons brain. There isn't really anything to be biased towards.

//**Reflection:**// Yes, this book is very useful for my research because it helps me better understand everything that occurs with a person when they hear music and how it can uniquely affect a person individually. It will help me understand the positive affects of creative arts in schools.
 * Is this source helpful to your research**

//__** Annotated #5 **__// //** Information: **// Shaw, Gordon L. “Keeping Mozart in Mind”. //Academic Press.// 2000.

Gordon has a Ph.D. and was the discoverer of the Mozart effect, where Mozart’s music helped students become smarter in different fields such as math, and spatial-temporal reasoning.
 * Author’s Credentials **

The author writes this book to describe the positive affect that Mozart can have on a person, helping them progress in a certain area mentally.
 * Scope and purpose of the work **

//** Summary: **// The author believes that by listening to Mozart, it can actually make a person smarter, and help them in certain areas of brain development and testing skills.
 * Identify the author’s thesis **

Shaw says that by listening Mozart it can help the mental progression of a person in different ways. He talks about the different cases where this was true, since he was the discoverer of the Mozart effect in the first place.
 * What are the main arguments **

Shaw had originally discovered the Mozart effect a while before actually writing this book, so there was a lot of research before the book was in mind. He took cases of college students who did better on school tests after listening to Mozart, as well as pre-schoolers who had enhanced spatial-temporal reasoning after piano keyboard training.
 * Evidence **

//** Evaluation **// The research is very logical, and was well thought out with plenty of examples to draw upon his conclusion. Some of the wording can be confusing, and wouldn’t be easily understood by a younger crowd, but does get it’s point across.
 * Evaluation of research **

The topic was very well researched, and covered many areas. He also includes all the steps he came to his final conclusion as well as the different predictions in Human Behavior after listening to Mozart.
 * Evaluation of scope **

** Evaluation of author bias ** The author does not show any type of bias on the subject, simply stating all the facts that are involved in the research. There isn’t any other group to be biased towards, or be compared to.

//** Reflection: **// This is very helpful for my research because it talks about the positive effect of music on a person. It also talks about how it can possibly make people smarter just by listening to Mozart, which would be helpful in all schools. __ **// Annotated #6 //** __ **// Information: //** Sacks, Oliver. “Musicophilia: Tales of Music and the Brain”. //Random House//. 2007
 * Is this source helpful to your research **

The author is a physician and has been author to nine other books as well as this one. Not only did he research the topic of music and its effects on the brain, but he also gave personal details from his own life of how music got into his brain. He is also a professor of neurology and psychiatry at Columbia University Medical Center.
 * Author’s credentials **

** Scope and purpose of the work ** The author writes in an informative report to describe all the possible effects of music on the brain, and how there are so many different ways that music can affect our everyday lives and why some people understand music better. It was intended for anyone who wants to have a deeper understanding of music.

**// Summary: //** Oliver Sacks believes that music can affect people in different ways, and the way that people come to appreciate music occurs in different ways as well. He talks all about music and the brain and why some people understand pitches better than others, as well as why people get into music in the first place.
 * The author’s thesis **

** Main arguments ** The author talks about his own personal experiences with music, as well as other people’s experiences that he received from interviews with them. Information he gives includes the different ways people interpret music, and physical disabilities that sometimes are associated with music.

** Evidence ** Oliver Sacks writes that there have been people that heard music right before they had a seizure, and that a man who was hit by lightning suddenly had a need to play piano even though that wasn’t the type of music he preferred and hadn’t played piano since he was a little boy. He gives many different personal accounts of how music has been with people whether it be their whole life, or only just recently.

**// Evaluation: //** The author clearly states and retells the stories and information supplied to him so that the public fully understands all the subjects covered within this book. There are some words that may need to be looked up in the dictionary, but most of them include context clues that help you figure out what the meaning is and where he was going with that passage.
 * Evaluation of research **

** Evaluation of scope ** The book was written very clearly with many subjects covered that helps the audience receive a better understanding of all the connections between music and the brain.

** Evaluation of author bias ** There doesn’t appear to be any bias from this author because there isn’t another group or topic to be compared to that would cause the author to be biased towards.

**// Reflection: //** Reading this book has helped me because I now know that less then 1 in ten thousand actually have perfect pitch, and that it is possible to believe you hear music after waking up and the music heard can reflect your hidden emotions.
 * Source relevance and helpfulness **

**//__ Annotated #7 __//** Levine, Michael; Ann Thai. “Make Teaching Creativity More Than Just a Song and Dance (VIDEO).” Huffington Post. October 13, 2010. []
 * // Information: //**

“Michael Levine is the founding director of the Joan Ganz Cooney Center at Sesame Workshop, an action research and innovation institute devoted to harnessing the potential of digital media to advance young children's learning and development.” – Huffington Post.
 * Author’s Credentials:**

This article was meant to be told to anyone who is a part of a school district. It was written as an editorial and was meant to tell the intended audience about how creativity is more than just song and dance.
 * Scope and Purpose of the work**

The author talks about how creativity doesn’t only take the form of song and dance, but comes in many different forms, all of them essential to developing in school.
 * //Summary://**
 * Identify the author’s thesis**

The author shows all the different types of creativity, such as the type that’s even in the necessary school subjects like science, math, and English.
 * What are the main arguments**

As well as the different types of creativity, they also say how working on that creative area can positively help you later in life and possibly in your future career. Ex: business people when they come up with new ideas look at trends based on statistics (math).
 * Evidence**

The author has done their research very well and has a good understanding of how creativity can be in more categories than just song and dance, and is able to show the audience clearly.
 * //Evaluation://**
 * Evaluation of research**

The article was written very clearly and shows the audience the different ways that a person can creatively express themselves (including in normal school subjects) without having to do it through song and/or dance.
 * Evaluation of scope**

The author did very well with making the topic understood and covering what needed to be covered for the audience to understand what he was talking about.
 * Evaluation of scope**

The author may have slight bias towards technology being another creative way of expressing yourself then song or dance, but does site them both as the most common.
 * Evaluation of author bias**

Yes, because it shows that singing and dancing don’t always have to be the first thing that comes to mind when someone mentions creativity. It also gives the other ways that someone CAN be creative, and how they can positively affect someone’s future who won’t be a part of song or dance. **//__ Annotated #8 __//** **// Information: //** Levitin, Daniel J."This Is Your Brain on Music". //Penguin Group Inc.// 2006.
 * //Reflection://**
 * Is this source helpful to your research**

**Author’s credentials ** Levitin works at McGill University in the Laboratory for Musical Perception, Cognition, and Expertise. He has written for both scientific journals and music trade magazines.

**Scope and purpose of the work ** The author wrote this book to show that music has a deeper connection to our lives then what most people think. It was written as an informational to educate the public on the deeper connection between music and our brain.

**//Summary: //** The author suggests that music is hard wired into our brain, and is possibly more important to our lives then language is. He also believes that our tastes for music starts before we are even born, developing within the womb.
 * The author’s thesis **

**Main arguments ** The author believes that our taste in music starts to develop while in the womb, and therefore is hardwired into our brain before we are even born. Because of this, music appears to be very important in our lives, and through the author’s eyes, may even be more important than speaking.

**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Evidence ** <span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">The author gives different chapters that discusses many different things, the first chapter being “What is Music?: From Pitch to Timbre”, which obviously describes what makes up music, and what is even considered music. Another chapter is “You Know My Name, Look Up the Number: How We Categorize Music”, which talks about how the brain subconsciously divides the different types of music into categories that you yourself can recognize once heard again.

**//<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Evaluation: //** <span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">The research was very well done, with the people that he cited in the back of the book, also allowing the public to see if you would like a deeper understanding of one of the topics covered within this book, you may find one of the books cited to do so.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Evaluation of research **

**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Evaluation of scope ** <span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">The author wrote this book very well and it was easy for me to understand everything that was written. Everything that needed to be known about music and how important it is to our lives was written down in this book for the public to see and better understand.

**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Evaluation of author bias ** <span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">There doesn’t appear to be any type of author bias, there isn’t really any other subject or group to be biased towards.

**//<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Reflection: //** The book was very well written and gives me a lot of deeper understanding of how music really is very important in our lives, and therefore should NOT be taken out of our educational systems. **//__ Annotated #9 __//** <span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: .5in 1.0in 1.5in 2.0in; tabstops: .5in 1.0in 1.5in 2.0in;">PENNSTATE: College of Agricultural Sciences. “Creative Art Helps Children Develop Across Many Domains”. //eXtensions;// PENNSTATE: College of Agricultural Sciences. March 18, 2010. <http://www.extension.org/pages/Creative_Art_Helps_Children_Develop_Across_Many_Domains#>
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Source relevance and helpfulness **
 * // Information: //**

**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Author’s credentials ** “ eXtension is an interactive learning environment delivering the best, most researched knowledge from the smartest land-grant university minds across America. eXtension connects knowledge consumers with knowledge providers - experts who know their subject matter inside out.” - eXtension

Penn state wrote this article for parents and teachers as an informational to let them know the importance of creative arts for little kids.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Scope and purpose of the work **

**//<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Summary: //** The author believes that by being a part of creative arts, it can help a child mentally and physically, such examples being: their physical development, social development, cognitive development, emotional development, and their imagination and experimentation.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">The author’s thesis **

**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Main arguments ** The author wrote this article because of the observations they had seen when children participated in creative activities such as finger painting. They saw that during finger painting, they were able to express themselves, and think creatively with what they were painting, and were helping their muscles develop for when they would need to start using pencils for writing. Then they also saw that during the clean up process the children interacted with each other, helping their social skills develop as well.

**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Evidence ** The authors found evidence through their observations of the children who participated in the creative arts and their development compared to the children who didn’t participate in the creative arts and their development.

**//<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Evaluation: //** The research was very well done because of the background they had looked at, and their own observations at elementary schools where they could see firsthand the affects of the creative arts.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Evaluation of research **

**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Evaluation of scope ** The topic was very well addressed and didn’t leave any unanswered questions, leaving the audience with a better understanding of why it is so important to have your children participate in creative arts at as young an age as possible because of all the positive affects it will have for them later in life.

**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Evaluation of author bias ** There doesn’t appear to be any bias on this subject because there isn’t another group to be biased towards. The author simply states all the facts they observed.

**//<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Reflection: //** This article was very important to my research because it helped me better understand the physical as well as mental advantages to having children start off young when it comes to the creative arts.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Source relevance and helpfulness **

**//__ Annotated #10 __//** Davidson, Jay. “The importance of the Creative Arts”. Child Development Info. []
 * // Information: //**

Jay Davidson is a teacher and sees firsthand the affects of creative arts on his students.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Author’s credentials **

**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Scope and purpose of the work ** The author has written this article to discuss with the general public the importance of the creative arts. It was written as an informational.

**//<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Summary: //** The author believes that having a child participate in the creative arts, it will also help that child succeed in other school related subjects. The author also believes that by having one or both parents being immersed in the arts, allowing the child to be immersed in it as well at a young age, will help the child with afore mentioned school subjects.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">The author’s thesis **

**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Main arguments ** The author says that participating in creative arts helps with other school subjects such as math, and science and their increased participation in those types of fairs. He also says that by using the creative arts as a stress reliever, it can help a student view a difficult school subject with a more clear mind.

**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Evidence ** The author states researched facts such as: “young people who are involved in highly effective non-school arts-based community programs in under-resourced communities, in comparison with a national sample of students were: · Four times more likely o win an academic award, such as being on the honor roll. · Eight times more likely to receive a community service award. · Three times more likely to win a school attendance award. · Four times more likely to participate in a math or science fair. · Likely to score higher on their SAT college admission test scores if they have been involved for more than four years of after-school arts study.” **//<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Evaluation: //** I think the research was very well done, especially since a lot of it also comes from common sense and classroom observation. Also it was very helpful that he could learn the parental backgrounds and how involved a student is in the creative arts, and how it affects the child’s school performance.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Evaluation of research **

**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Evaluation of scope ** The topic was addressed very well gave enough information on how creative arts are important to have in a school because of how it allows a student to either find the talent that would otherwise be hidden, or de-stress themselves from the other struggles they face in their lives.

**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Evaluation of author bias ** The author did not have any bias, there wasn’t any other group to be biased towards.

**//<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Reflection: //** This source was very helpful for my topic because the author gave straight up facts and known statistics of how a student can prosper in everyday school subjects by also being a part of the creative arts. <span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"> **//__ Annotated #11 __//**
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Source relevance and helpfulness **
 * // Information: //** Hicks, Steph. “Keep Music Education in Our Schools.” HubPages. <[]>.

**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Author’s credentials ** Steph Hicks is a professional freelance writer since 2007, after being an environmental/land use attorney for 15 years.

**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Scope and purpose of the work ** Steph wrote this article because she wanted Music Education kept in schools, writing it towards the general public in an informatory writing.

**//<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Summary: //** The author believes that “Elementary school music classes compliment and build on other skills children are learning in their regular classrooms.”
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">The author’s thesis **

**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Main arguments ** The author states each way music can be used in any of the subjects of Math, Reading, Social interaction, Small motor skills, and Large motor skills.

**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Evidence ** An example of the ways that skills learned in music that can be used in regular classrooms is that “If a song is in ¾ time, that means there will be 3 beats per measure, with a quarter note counting as a single beat. Children can learn counting and factions through musical instruction.”

**//<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Evaluation: //** Her research seems very adequate and goes through all the possible ways for a child to be helped by learning music as well as the normal classroom subjects. The paper is very easy to understand and doesn’t leave the reader questioning any part of the paper.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Evaluation of research **

**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Evaluation of scope ** The author writes with the one purpose in mind of showing the audience the importance of having music in schools. She also manages to compare the ways classroom subjects and music can help each other in the long run.

**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Evaluation of author bias ** There is no author bias because she simply states the importance of having music in school and does not state anything like it is better over something else.

**//<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Reflection: //** This source was very helpful for my final products and project and better helps me understand the importance of music in schools. <span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"> ** // __ Annotated #12 __ // ** Meredith Melnick is a reporter and producer for Healthland where she covers diet, fitness and breaking news.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Source relevance and helpfulness **
 * // Information: //** Melnick, Meredith. “How Group Drumming May Improve Low-Income Student Behavior”. CNN: Time. December 9, 2010. < [] >.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Author’s credentials: **

The author wrote this article as an informational to the general public about the way music can affect behavioral problem children.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Scope and purpose of the work **

The author’s thesis is that music, or in this case, drumming, allows students to get frustrations out without causing trouble and can help prevent them from participating in bad behavior inside and outside of school.
 * // <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Summary: //**
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">The author’s thesis **

The author argues that music can help students be better behaved at home and at school and allows them to feel better by putting all their emotions into the music.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Main arguments **

When children who were known to come from poor communities, among the most vulnerable to social and behavioral problems, they were put into a drumming class that allowed them to creatively express themselves while letting out any frustrations they might have about school, friends, or family life. Farther into the study, it was shown that less of the kids who participated to part in bad behavior inside and outside of school.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Evidence **

The research was very well done, with a lot of information on the study and a background that help the reader understand why the article is being written. It was also very easy to understand while reading.
 * // <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Evaluation: //**
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Evaluation of research **

The article only had one focus throughout the whole thing and doesn’t leave any unanswered questions about what the whole thing was about.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Evaluation of scope **

The author did not hold and bias in the article, she simply stated all the facts about the drumming group and the affect it had on all the kids who participated.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Evaluation of author bias **

This source was very helpful, and relevant to my final products and project.
 * // <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Reflection: //**
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Source relevance and helpfulness **